Overlapping elements create visual depth and hierarchy. Below is a clear example of trapping: color overlapping to prevent white gaps caused by misregistration in printing.

• On your second art board in your Illustrator file, use the rectangle tool to create a vertical rectangle, and fill it with 100% magenta
• With the type tool, create an “A,” fill it with 100% cyan, scale it up, and layer it partially over the rectangle
• Add a stroke (40% cyan, 100% magenta, needs to be the majority of the base color) and convert the text to outline (shift + command + o)
• Go to the Object menu, click the path panel, and select outline stroke
• Select all objects on the art board and click the shape builder tool
• Hold Option and click to remove the far outside stroke of the half of the “A” not layered over the rectangle
• Release Option and use the shape builder tool to click on the inner stroke, turning it to 100% cyan (it matches the surrounding color)
• Copy the graphics and scale down, going to your Edit menu, select Edit Colors and Convert to Grayscale

Come back later for Part 3, Obvious Trap!